September brings a noticeable change in the seasons. Days begin to shorten, evenings become darker earlier and familiar routines may start to feel different. For some people living with dementia, these changes can contribute to increased confusion, restlessness or distress, particularly later in the day.
Sundowning is a term often used to describe changes in behaviour that can happen during the late afternoon or evening. A person may become more anxious, unsettled, confused, repetitive or keen to leave. They may also find it harder to recognise where they are or understand what is happening around them.
As the evenings draw in, changes in natural light can sometimes make these experiences more noticeable. Shadows, reflections and darker rooms may be misinterpreted, while tiredness at the end of the day can also affect how someone responds to their surroundings.
Creating a calm and reassuring environment can make a real difference. Keeping rooms well lit before darkness falls, reducing unnecessary noise and maintaining familiar routines can help residents feel more secure. Closing curtains before reflections become visible in windows may also help reduce confusion.
Meaningful activity during the day can support wellbeing too. Gentle walks, gardening, music, reminiscence, folding laundry or helping with familiar household tasks can provide purpose and engagement without creating too much stimulation.
It is also important to look beyond the behaviour itself. Restlessness or distress may be a way of communicating an unmet need, such as hunger, thirst, pain, tiredness, loneliness, needing the toilet or feeling too hot or cold. Taking time to understand what the person may be trying to communicate can help staff respond in a more person-centred way.
For some residents, a consistent evening routine can be especially helpful. A warm drink, familiar music, softer lighting and one-to-one reassurance may help the transition from daytime activity to a quieter evening feel more comfortable.
Every person living with dementia is different, so approaches should always reflect their individual history, preferences, routines and needs.
By understanding how seasonal changes may affect people living with dementia, care homes can provide thoughtful support that promotes reassurance, dignity and a greater sense of comfort as autumn begins.